Mathematics is present everywhere. However, uncovering the relevance of Mathematics requires, from the teachers, a special kind of knowledge. This study tries to characterize the knowledge used by pre-service teachers when developing a mathematical task intending to promote the students’ exploration of barcodes. The study adopts a qualitative and interpretative methodology and the data were collected using class observation and interviews. The analysis is guided by the Application and Pedagogical Content Knowledge, a model inspired on TPACK (from Mishra and Koehler) and MKT (from Ball and colleagues). The conclusions point to some difficulties to see the potential of the situation to promote mathematical learning. The knowledge on the mathematical content seems to be dominant on the options assumed and operated in a rigid way that prevent the pre-service teachers from exploring the richness of the situation on the tasks they developed.

We report on measurements of the Kβ diagram, valence-to-core (VtC), and hypersatellite X-ray spectra induced in metallic Cr by photon single and double K-shell ionization. The experiment was carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource using the seven-crystal Johann-type hard X-ray spectrometer of the beamline 6-2. For the Kβ diagram and VtC transitions, the present study confirms the line shape features observed in previous works, whereas the K h β hypersatellite transition was found to exhibit a complex spectral line shape and a characteristic low-energy shoulder. The energy shift of the hypersatellite relative to the parent diagram line was deduced from the measurements and compared with the result of extensive multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock (MCDF) calculations. A very good agreement between experiment and theory was found. The MCDF calculations were also used to compute the theoretical line shape of the hypersatellite. A satisfactory agreement was obtained between the overall shapes of the experimental and theoretical spectra, but deviations were observed on the low- and high-energy flanks of the hypersatellite line. The discrepancies were explained by chemical effects, which were not considered in the MCDF calculations performed for isolated atoms.

Our world is facing substantial economic and social challenges due to an increasing pace of technological developments. The introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT) is ushering in a fourth industrial revolution. The vision of Industry 4.0 describes a whole new approach to business operations, and especially the production industries which is characterized by a new level of socio-technical interaction. Emphasizing the importance of intangibles management, organizations have become increasingly focused on the Intellectual Capital (IC) as the main source of value creation. From a strategic point of view, IC is linked to the ability to create and apply the potential of an organizations knowledge based capabilities, and is commonly categorized into three main components: human, structural and relational capital. The industry 4.0 is changing the way we create value which requires from organizations and individuals a rethinking of what is expected or desired from the internet-connected devices. As a phenomenon of interactions and complementarities, IC can offer a possible pathway for reconfiguring business models. The contribution of this work is mainly conceptual. The aim of this paper is to explore what has been researched so far about the importance of industry 4.0 with impact in organizational value creation and how the theory of intellectual capital can help to leverage its benefits. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive review of journal articles, conference papers, books and international reports was performed

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