This paper presents the results of a preliminary study to examine the ability of post-silicon devices for analog processing. It is focused on the latest thin-film transistors (TFTs) with amorphous gallium-indium-zinc oxide (a-GIZO) as active layer. Three circuit configurations are presented: a differential pair and two multiplier topologies. Both triode and saturation regions of operation are included in the analysis, with the devices set to remain in strong accumulation. A neural model, which is developed based on the measured data of the TFTs, is used for the circuit simulations in the Cadence Virtuoso environment. The analog multipliers simulation results are compared against the expected functional results. © 2012 IEEE.

This chapter gives an overview about GIZO TFTs, comprising an introductory section about generic TFT structure and operation, different semiconductor technologies for TFTs - with special emphasis on AOSs and particularly on GIZO - and then some experimental results obtained for GIZO TFTs fabricated in CENIMAT. Thin-film transistors (TFTs) are important electronic devices which are predominantly used as On/Off switches in active matrix backplanes of flat panel displays (FPDs), namely liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light emitting device (OLED) displays. Even if a-Si:H is still dominating the TFT market in terms of semiconductor technology, oxide semiconductors are emerging as one of the most promising alternatives for the next generation of TFTs, bringing the possibility of having fully transparent devices, low processing temperature, low cost, high performance and electrically stable properties [1, 2]. Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOS) such as Gallium-Indium-Zinc oxide (GIZO) [3, 4], even if fabricated at temperatures below 150°, are currently capable of providing transistors with field-effect mobility (μFE) exceeding 20 cm2V-1 s-1, threshold voltage (VT) close to 0V, On/Off ratios above 108, subthreshold swing (S) around 0:20V dec-1 and fully recoverable VT shift (ΔVT) lower than 0.5V after 24 h stress with constant drain current of 10 μA. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012.

Supply chains are facing numerous changes that are contributing to increasing their complexity and vulnerability to disturbances, therefore, to survive, supply chains must be resilient. The paper presents a supply chain simulation study for a real case concerned with the Portuguese automotive supply chain. The subset automotive supply chain involved in the case study is a three-echelon supply chain, composed by one automaker, two 1st-tier suppliers, two 2nd-tier suppliers, and one outsource entity. The purpose of the study is to evaluate alternative supply chain scenarios for improving supply chain resilience to a disturbance and understanding how mitigation strategies affect each supply chain entity performance. Two strategies widely used to mitigate disturbance negative effects on supply chains were considered and six scenarios were designed. The scenarios differ in terms of presence or absence of a disturbance in one hand and presence or absence of a mitigation strategy in other hand. To evaluate the scenarios designed, two performance measures were defined per supply chain entity, Lead Time Ratio and Total Cost.

The enzymatic (tyrosinase) and chemical (NaIO4, Ag2O or Fremys's salt) oxidation of biologically relevant catecholamines, such as dopamine (DA), N-acetyldopamine (NADA) and the Ecstasy metabolites (alpha-MeDA and N-Me-alpha-MeDA) generates the corresponding o-quinone which can be trapped with nitrogen bionucleophiles such as N-acetyl-histidine and imidazole in a regioselective reaction that takes place predominantly at the 6-position of the catecholamine. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Building energy management may simultaneously integrate multiple energy areas and sources of information. The coordination of synergies allow better-informed decisions, such as performing forecasts and adjustments of energy production and storage, while adapting electrical loads to off-peak times, when energy rates are lower. This work targets the improvement and optimization of energy management operations in buildings and large complexes, by introducing a conceptual model for supporting real-time advanced reasoning and inference towards efficient energy management.

Transparent electronics is emerging as one of the most promising technologies for the next generation of electronic products, away from the traditional silicon technology. It is essential for touch display panels, solar cells, LEDs and antistatic coatings. The book describes the concept of transparent electronics, passive and active oxide semiconductors, multicomponent dielectrics and their importance for a new era of novel electronic materials and products. This is followed by a short history of transistors, and how oxides have revolutionized this field. It concludes with a glance at low-cost, disposable and lightweight devices for the next generation of ergonomic and functional discrete devices. Chapters cover: Properties and applications of n-type oxide semiconductors P-type conductors and semiconductors, including copper oxide and tin monoxide Low-temperature processed dielectrics n and p-type thin film transistors (TFTs) - structure, physics and brief history Paper electronics - Paper transistors, paper memories and paper batteries Applications of oxide TFTs - transparent circuits, active matrices for displays and biosensors Written by a team of renowned world experts, Transparent Oxide Electronics: From Materials to Devices gives an overview of the world of transparent electronics, and showcases groundbreaking work on paper transistors. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A facile, simple and environmentally friendly Fe3O4–cysteine MNP was synthesized without any additive or additional source of linkers. Fe3O4–cysteine MNPs were successfully used for the synthesis of b-amino carbonyl and hydroquinoline compounds, which were obtained in excellent yields via multicomponent reactions. Magnetic organocatalysts can be easily recovered by simple magnetic decantation and their catalytic activity remains unaltered after 9 consecutive cycles, making them environmen- tally friendly and widely applicable due to their efficiency, ease of handling, and cost effectiveness.

n/a

Water adsorption dynamics on two TiO2 (1 1 0) rutile surfaces at room temperature has been investigated using the work function (WF) change as a function of time. The first surface was prepared in a standard way using sputtering/annealing cycles, whereas the second one was long term annealed at 620 K in moderate vacuum conditions (the residual gas pressure of about 1 × 10−7 mbar) and cleaned afterwards. The WF change show striking difference as compared to those obtained for highly reduced TiO2 (1 1 0) rutile or the (2 × 1) reconstructed surfaces. For the first kind of surface we show that the observed adsorption dynamics can be qualitatively explained by the present understanding of the water adsorption on non- reconstructed TiO2 (1 1 0) rutile surface according to which the bridging oxygen vacancies and Ti rows are the main adsorption sites. Although generally similar to the former results, water adsorption dynamics on the second kind of the surface has an additional feature that can be only explained by a new adsorption site, which we suggest to be due to (2 × 1) reconstructed regions coexisting with the non-reconstructed TiO2 (110)surface.

n/a