Passive earth-pressure coefficients by upper-bound numerical limit analysis

Citation:
Antão, Armando N., T. Santana, M. Vicente da Silva, and N. M. C. Guerra. "Passive earth-pressure coefficients by upper-bound numerical limit analysis." Canadian Geotechnical Journal. 48 (2011): 767-780.

Abstract:

A three-dimensional (3D) numerical implementation of the limit analysis upper-bound theorem is used to determine passive horizontal earth-pressure coefficients. An extension technique allowing determination of the 3D passive earth pressures for any width-to-height ratios greater than 7 is presented. The horizontal passive earth-pressure coefficients are presented and compared with solutions published previously. Results of the ratio between the 3D and two-dimensional horizontal passive earth-pressure coefficients are shown and found to be almost independent of the soil-to-wall friction ratio. A simple equation is proposed for calculating this passive earth-pressure ratio.

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