Pedro Pereira

Swarm intelligence techniques are among the most talented and successful approaches that gained a lot of popularity over the past two decades. They are inspired by animal behavior (such as ants, termites and bees) and insect conduct (by swarm, herd, flock and shoal phenomena) in order to develop these techniques in terms of mimicking their problem/solution abilities. These techniques provide good approximate solutions in a reasonable time for solving hard and complex problems in many engineering fields. This book is intended for researchers, engineers and graduate students with interests in swarm intelligence algorithms and their applications. It discusses and describes the various swarm intelligence techniques as useful tools for solving practical problems, such as urban traffic optimization, electrical engineering problems and the design of integrated analog circuits.