@article {3713,
	title = {Determination of alkylphenols in eluates from pyrolysis solid residues using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction},
	journal = {Chemosphere},
	volume = {79},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1026-1032},
	abstract = {<p>Dispersive liquid{\textendash}liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography{\textendash}mass spectrometry (GC{\textendash}MS) was applied for the determination of 11 alkylphenols in eluates of chars produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes.</p>
<p>The optimized DLLME procedure, 4 mL of sample solution, 15 μL of trichloroethylene as extraction solvent, 1 mL of acetone as dispersion solvent and addition of 15\% (w/v) of NaCl, was validated. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors were in the range of 82{\textendash}180. Calibration curves were constructed for each analyte in pure water in the concentration range of 0.5{\textendash}8 μg/L with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999. The limits of detection were between 0.07 and 0.17 μg/L. The repeatability of the method was evaluated using water samples fortified with the analyte mixture at two concentration levels: the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were between 3.7\% and 8.0\% for a concentration of 0.5 μg/L, and between 4.2\% and 6.4\% for a concentration of 3 μg/L. The recoveries of the analytes evaluated by fortification of real eluate samples were in the range of 67.9{\textendash}97.9\% for eluate 1 (obtained from a decontaminated char) and in the range of 61.9{\textendash}101.4\% for eluate 2 (obtained from the untreated char). o-Methylphenol presented low recoveries for both eluates showing a possible matrix effect. The results obtained show that this method is adequate for the determination of alkylphenols in environmental aqueous samples and presents itself as a fast and inexpensive technique, using minor amounts of organic solvents.</p>
},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653510003887},
	author = {M. Bernardo and M. Gon{\c c}alves and Lapa, N. and Mendes, B.}
}
