Recent Publications

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2015
Guerra, M., J. M. Sampaio, T. I. Madeira, F. Parente, P. Indelicato, J. P. Marques, J. P. Santos, J. Hoszowska, Cl J. Dousse, L. Loperetti, F. Zeeshan, M. Muller, R. Unterumsberger, and B. Beckhoff. "Theoretical and experimental determination of L-shell decay rates, line widths, and fluorescence yields in Ge." Physical Review A 92 (2015): 022507-9. AbstractWebsite
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Guerra, M., P. Amaro, J. Machado, and J. P. Santos. "Single differential electron impact ionization cross sections in the binary-encounter- Bethe approximation for the low binding energy regime." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 48 (2015): 1-9. AbstractWebsite

Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 48(2015) 185202. doi:10.1088/0953-4075/48/18/185202

Guerra, M., S. C. Pé-Leve Santos, A. M. E. Barroso, C. P. S. Fonseca, M. Eloy Cruz, P. Amaro, J. L. Figueirinhas, M. L. Carvalho, and J. P. Santos. "Spatially resolved determination of toxic trace elements in plants of Panasqueira mining region using micro X-ray fluorescence." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21 (2015): 54-55. AbstractWebsite
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Madeira, T. I., J. M. Sampaio, M. Guerra, F. Parente, P. Indelicato, J. P. Santos, and J. P. Marques. "Relativistic calculation of K-, L- and M-shell x-ray fluorescence yields for Ba." Physica Scripta 90 (2015): 1-3. AbstractWebsite

Physica Scripta, 90(2015) 054009. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/90/5/054009

Ito, Y., T. Tochio, S. Fukushima, A. Taborda, J. M. Sampaio, J. P. Marques, F. Parente, P. Indelicato, and J. P. Santos. "Experimental and theoretical determination of the Kα2/Kα1 intensity ratio for zinc." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy andRadiative Transfer 151 (2015): 295-299. AbstractWebsite

X-ray intensity ratios, such as the Kα2/Kα1 ratio, are parameters with a large application in atomic physics and related scientific and technological areas. D.

Guerra, M., P. Amaro, J. Machado, and J. P. Santos. "Modified Binary-Encounter-Bethe Model for Electron Impact Ionization Cross Sections of Highly Charged Ions ." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 635 (2015): 052067. AbstractWebsite
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Sampaio, J. M., T. I. Madeira, F. Parente, P. Indelicato, J. P. Santos, and J. P. Marques. "Relativistic calculations of M-shell photoionization and X-ray production cross-sections for Hg at 5.96 keV excitation energy." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 107 (2015): 36. AbstractWebsite

In this work we calculate photoionization and X-ray production cross-sections (XPCS) of M-shell vacancies in Hg at incident photon energy of 5.96 keV (low.

2014
Santos, Jose Paulo, Maria Conceição Martins, Ana Maria Costa, José Pires Marques, Paul Indelicato, and Fernando Parente. "Theoretical determination of K X-ray transition energy and probability values for highly charged ions of lanthanum and cerium." The European Physical Journal D 68 (2014): 244. AbstractWebsite
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Santos, Jose Paulo, Maria Conceição Martins, Ana Maria Costa, José Pires Marques, Paul Indelicato, and Fernando Parente. "Theoretical determination of K X-ray transition energy and probability values for highly charged ions of lanthanum and cerium." The European Physical Journal D 68 (2014): 244. AbstractWebsite
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Guimarães, D., J. P. Santos, M. L. Carvalho, M. S. Diniz, B. House, and V. M. Miller. "Analytical evidence of heterogeneous lead accumulation in the hypothalamic defence area and nucleus tractus solitarius." NeuroToxicology 44 (2014): 91-97. AbstractWebsite

Lead is a potent toxicant associated with adverse cardiovascular effects and hypertension in children. Yet, few studies have determined if autonomic dysfunction associated with lead exposure involves brain regions which regulate autonomic responses. Central autonomic nuclei such as the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and hypothalamic defence area (HDA) may be particularly sensitive to lead infiltration because they are adjacent to ventricles and areas with semi-permeable blood-brain-barriers. To understand if autonomic nuclei are sensitive to lead accumulation Wistar rats were exposed to lead from the gestational period and lead levels were quantified in brain regions that regulate arterial pressure: the NTS and the HDA. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) was used to quantify total brain lead levels and revealed no differences between exposed and control tissues; measured values were close to the detection limit (2μg/g). Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was also used, which has a greater sensitivity, to quantify lead. There was ∼2.1μg/g lead in the NTS and ∼3.1μg/g lead in the HDA of exposed rats, and no lead in the control rats. There were greater lead levels in the HDA (∼50%) as compared with the NTS. Pathology studies revealed more prominent lead granules in the HDA as compared with the NTS. Increased microglia and astrocyte activation was also noted in the NTS of lead exposed rats as compared with the HDA. Regional differences in neuro-inflammatory responses likely contribute to heterogeneous lead accumulation, with enhanced clearance of lead in the NTS. Future studies will resolve the mechanisms underpinning tissue-specific lead accumulation.

Guimarães, D., J. P. Santos, M. L. Carvalho, M. S. Diniz, B. House, and V. M. Miller. "Analytical evidence of heterogeneous lead accumulation in the hypothalamic defence area and nucleus tractus solitarius." NeuroToxicology 44 (2014): 91-97. AbstractWebsite

Lead is a potent toxicant associated with adverse cardiovascular effects and hypertension in children. Yet, few studies have determined if autonomic dysfunction associated with lead exposure involves brain regions which regulate autonomic responses. Central autonomic nuclei such as the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and hypothalamic defence area (HDA) may be particularly sensitive to lead infiltration because they are adjacent to ventricles and areas with semi-permeable blood-brain-barriers. To understand if autonomic nuclei are sensitive to lead accumulation Wistar rats were exposed to lead from the gestational period and lead levels were quantified in brain regions that regulate arterial pressure: the NTS and the HDA. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) was used to quantify total brain lead levels and revealed no differences between exposed and control tissues; measured values were close to the detection limit (2μg/g). Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was also used, which has a greater sensitivity, to quantify lead. There was ∼2.1μg/g lead in the NTS and ∼3.1μg/g lead in the HDA of exposed rats, and no lead in the control rats. There were greater lead levels in the HDA (∼50%) as compared with the NTS. Pathology studies revealed more prominent lead granules in the HDA as compared with the NTS. Increased microglia and astrocyte activation was also noted in the NTS of lead exposed rats as compared with the HDA. Regional differences in neuro-inflammatory responses likely contribute to heterogeneous lead accumulation, with enhanced clearance of lead in the NTS. Future studies will resolve the mechanisms underpinning tissue-specific lead accumulation.

Katriel, Jacob, J. P. Marques, P. Indelicato, A. M. Costa, M. C. Martins, J. P. Santos, and F. Parente. "Approach towards the critical charge of some excited states of the Be isoelectronic series." Physical Review A 90 (2014): 052519-5. AbstractWebsite
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Santos, I., M. S. Diniz, M. L. Carvalho, and J. P. Santos. "Assessment of Essential Elements and Heavy Metals Content on Mytilus galloprovincialis from River Tagus Estuary." Biological Trace Element Research (2014). AbstractWebsite

Trace elemental content was analysed in edible tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected in five different sampling areas near the mouth of river Tagus estuary in Lisbon. The concentrations of essential elements (S, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Br and Sr) were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry, while toxic elements (Cr, Cd, Hg, Se and Pb) were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that the essential elements K and S are present at the highest concentrations in all the studied samples reaching 2,920 and 4,520 μg g(-1) (fresh weight), respectively. The highest levels of heavy metals found were in two areas close to the city for Pb and Cd, but below the maximum allowed values.

Rahangdale, H. V., M. Guerra, P. K. Das, S. De, J. P. Santos, D. Mitra, and S. Saha. "Determination of subshell-resolved <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math><mi>L</mi></math></span>-shell-ionization cross sections of gold induced by 15–40-keV electrons." Physical Review A 89 (2014): 052708. AbstractWebsite
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Amaro, P., C. I. Szabo, S. Schlesser, A. Gumberidze, E. G. Kessler, A. Henins, E. O. Le Bigot, M. Trassinelli, J. M. Isac, P. Travers, M. Guerra, J. P. Santos, and P. Indelicato. "A vacuum double-crystal spectrometer for reference-free X-ray spectroscopy of highly charged ions." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 98 (2014): 132-149. AbstractWebsite

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 98 + (2014) 132-149. doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.01.015

Rahangdale, H. V., M. Guerra, P. K. Das, S. De, J. P. Santos, D. Mitra, and S. Saha. "Determination of subshell-resolved <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math><mi>L</mi></math></span>-shell-ionization cross sections of gold induced by 15–40-keV electrons." Physical Review A 89 (2014): 052708. AbstractWebsite
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Amaro, P., C. I. Szabo, S. Schlesser, A. Gumberidze, E. G. Kessler, A. Henins, E. O. Le Bigot, M. Trassinelli, J. M. Isac, P. Travers, M. Guerra, J. P. Santos, and P. Indelicato. "A vacuum double-crystal spectrometer for reference-free X-ray spectroscopy of highly charged ions." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 98 (2014): 132-149. AbstractWebsite

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 98 + (2014) 132-149. doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.01.015

Safari, L., P. Amaro, J. P. Santos, and F. Fratini. "Angular and polarization analysis for two-photon decay of <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>s</mi></mrow></math>&." Physical Review A 90 (2014): 014502. AbstractWebsite

The amplitude of two-photon transitions between hyperfine states in hydrogenlike ions is derived based on the relativistic Dirac equation and second-order perturbation theory. We study angular and linear polarization properties of the photon pair emitted in the decay of $2s$ states, where spin-flip and non-spin-flip transitions are highlighted. We pay particular attention to hydrogenlike uranium, since it is an ideal candidate for investigating relativistic and high-multipole effects, such as spin-flip transitions. Two types of emission patterns are identified: (i) non-spin-flip transitions are found to be characterized by an angular distribution of the type $W($\theta${})$\sim${}1+{cos}^{2}$\theta${}$ while the polarizations of the emitted photons are parallel; and (ii) spin-flip transitions have somewhat smaller decay rates and are found to be characterized by an angular distribution of the type $W($\theta${})$\sim${}1$-${}1/3{cos}^{2}$\theta${}$ while the polarizations of the emitted photons are orthogonal, where $$\theta${}$ is the angle between photons directions. Deviations due to nondipole and relativistic contributions are evaluated for both types of transitions. This work is the first step toward exploring the effect of the nucleus over the angular and polarization properties of the photon pairs emitted by two-photon transitions.

Safari, L., P. Amaro, J. P. Santos, and F. Fratini. "Angular and polarization analysis for two-photon decay of <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>s</mi></mrow></math>&." Physical Review A 90 (2014): 014502. AbstractWebsite

The amplitude of two-photon transitions between hyperfine states in hydrogenlike ions is derived based on the relativistic Dirac equation and second-order perturbation theory. We study angular and linear polarization properties of the photon pair emitted in the decay of $2s$ states, where spin-flip and non-spin-flip transitions are highlighted. We pay particular attention to hydrogenlike uranium, since it is an ideal candidate for investigating relativistic and high-multipole effects, such as spin-flip transitions. Two types of emission patterns are identified: (i) non-spin-flip transitions are found to be characterized by an angular distribution of the type $W($\theta${})$\sim${}1+{cos}^{2}$\theta${}$ while the polarizations of the emitted photons are parallel; and (ii) spin-flip transitions have somewhat smaller decay rates and are found to be characterized by an angular distribution of the type $W($\theta${})$\sim${}1$-${}1/3{cos}^{2}$\theta${}$ while the polarizations of the emitted photons are orthogonal, where $$\theta${}$ is the angle between photons directions. Deviations due to nondipole and relativistic contributions are evaluated for both types of transitions. This work is the first step toward exploring the effect of the nucleus over the angular and polarization properties of the photon pairs emitted by two-photon transitions.

Fratini, F., L. Safari, A. G. Hayrapetyan, K. Jankala, P. Amaro, and J. P. Santos. "Quantized form factor shift in the presence of free electron laser radiation." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 107 (2014): 13002. AbstractWebsite

In electron scattering, the target form factors contribute significantly to the diffraction pattern and carry information on the target electromagnetic charge distribution. Here we show that the presence of electromagnetic radiation, as intense as currently available in free electron lasers, shifts the dependence of the target form factors by a quantity that depends on the number of photons absorbed or emitted by the electron as well as on the parameters of the electromagnetic radiation. As example, we show the impact of intense ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation on elastic electron scattering by the Ne-like argon ion and by the xenon atom. We find that the shift brought by the radiation to the form factor is of the order of some percent. Our results may open up a new avenue to explore matter with the assistance of laser.

Fratini, F., L. Safari, A. G. Hayrapetyan, K. Jankala, P. Amaro, and J. P. Santos. "Quantized form factor shift in the presence of free electron laser radiation." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 107 (2014): 13002. AbstractWebsite

In electron scattering, the target form factors contribute significantly to the diffraction pattern and carry information on the target electromagnetic charge distribution. Here we show that the presence of electromagnetic radiation, as intense as currently available in free electron lasers, shifts the dependence of the target form factors by a quantity that depends on the number of photons absorbed or emitted by the electron as well as on the parameters of the electromagnetic radiation. As example, we show the impact of intense ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation on elastic electron scattering by the Ne-like argon ion and by the xenon atom. We find that the shift brought by the radiation to the form factor is of the order of some percent. Our results may open up a new avenue to explore matter with the assistance of laser.

Santos, I., M. S. Diniz, M. L. Carvalho, and J. P. Santos. "Assessment of Essential Elements and Heavy Metals Content on Mytilus galloprovincialis from River Tagus Estuary." Biological Trace Element Research (2014). AbstractWebsite

Trace elemental content was analysed in edible tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected in five different sampling areas near the mouth of river Tagus estuary in Lisbon. The concentrations of essential elements (S, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Br and Sr) were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry, while toxic elements (Cr, Cd, Hg, Se and Pb) were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that the essential elements K and S are present at the highest concentrations in all the studied samples reaching 2,920 and 4,520 μg g(-1) (fresh weight), respectively. The highest levels of heavy metals found were in two areas close to the city for Pb and Cd, but below the maximum allowed values.

Kasthurirangan, S., J. K. Saha, A. N. Agnihotri, A. Banerjee, A. Kumar, D. Misra, J. P. Santos, A. M. Costa, P. Indelicato, T. K. Mukherjee, and L. C. Tribedi. "High-resolution x-ray spectra from highly charged Si, S and Cl ions showing evidence of fluorescence active resonant states." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 488 (2014): 132027-2. AbstractWebsite

We have measured the x-ray spectra from highly charged Si, S and Cl ions in collisions with thin foils using a high-resolution x-ray spectrometer. The observed lines have been assigned to various transitions in H-, He- and Li-like ions. For proper identification of line positions, the theoretical calculations have been carried out using a state-of-the-art MCDF code including QED effects, with which the experimental data is in excellent agreement. We have also observed, for the first time, x-rays arising out of the decay of long-lived resonant states in the He-like ions of each species. Details will be presented.

Sampaio, J. M., T. I. Madeira, J. P. Marques, F. Parente, A. M. Costa, P. Indelicato, J. P. Santos, M. - C. Lépy, and Y. Ménesguen. "Approaches for theoretical and experimental determinations of K-shell decay rates and fluorescence yields in Ge." Physical Review A 89 (2014): 012512. AbstractWebsite
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