@article { ISI:000313703200036,
	title = {Device quality InOx:Sn and InOx thin films deposited at room temperature with different rf-power densities},
	journal = {THIN SOLID FILMS},
	volume = {526},
	year = {2012},
	note = {n/a},
	month = {DEC 30},
	pages = {221-224},
	abstract = {<p>The influence of tin doping on the electrical, optical, structural and morphological properties of indium oxide films produced by radio-frequency plasma enhanced reactive thermal evaporation is studied, as transport properties are expected to improve with doping. Undoped and tin doped indium oxide thin films are deposited at room temperature using both pure In rods and (95-80) \% In:(5-20) \% Sn alloys as evaporation sources and 19.5 mW/cm(2) and 58.6 mW/cm(2) as rf-power densities. The two most important macroscopic properties - visible transparency and electrical resistivity - are relatively independent of tin content (0-20\%). Visible transmittance of about 75\% and electrical resistivity around 5 x 10(-4) Omega.cm can be observed in the films. The structural features are similar for all samples. Nevertheless, the surface morphology characterization shows that the homogeneity of the films varies according to the tin content. Moreover this variation is a balance between the rf-power and the tin content in the alloy: i) films with small and compact grains are produced at 58.6 mW/cm(2) from a 5\% Sn alloy or at 19.5 mW/cm(2) from a 15\% Sn alloy and consequently, smooth surfaces with reduced roughness and similar grain size and shape are obtained; ii) films showing the presence of aggregates randomly distributed above a tissue formed of thinner grains and higher roughness are produced at the other deposition conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.</p>
},
	issn = {0040-6090},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tsf.2012.11.019},
	author = {Amaral, A. and Brogueira, P. and Conde, O. and Lavareda, G and Nunes de Carvalho, C}
}
