@article {1055.62055,
	title = {Bias reduction of a tail index estimator through an external estimation of the second-order parameter.},
	journal = {Statistics},
	volume = {38},
	number = {6},
	year = {2004},
	note = {<p>n/a</p>
},
	pages = {497-510},
	abstract = {<p>{Summary: We first consider a class of consistent semi-parametric estimators of a positive tail index $\gamma$, parametrised in a tuning or control parameter $\alpha$. Such a control parameter enables us to have access for any available sample, to an estimator of the tail index $\gamma$ with a null dominant component of asymptotic bias and consequently with a reasonably flat mean squared error pattern, as a function of $k$, the number of top-order statistics considered.\par Such a control parameter depends on a second-order parameter $\rho$, which will be adequately estimated so that we may achieve a high efficiency relative to the classical Hill estimator [{\i}t B. M. Hill}, Ann. Stat. 3, 1163{\textendash}1174 (1975; Zbl 0323.62033)] provided we use a number of top-order statistics larger than the one usually required for the estimation through the Hill estimator. An illustration of the behaviour of the estimators is provided, through the analysis of the daily log-returns on the Euro-US\$ exchange rates.}</p>
},
	keywords = {semi-parametric estimation}, {theory of extremes},
	doi = {10.1080/02331880412331284304},
	author = {Gomes, M.Ivette and Caeiro, Frederico and Figueiredo, Fernanda}
}
