Publications

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2013
Aelenei, Daniel, Susana Azevedo, João Viegas, Ana Mendes, Ana Luisa Papoila, Manuela Cano, Pedro Martins, and Nuno Neuparth. "Environment and Health in Children Day Care Centres in Portugal - results from phase II on the ventilation characteristics of 16 schools." CLIMA 2013. 978-80-260-4001-9. 2013. Abstract
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Aelenei, Laura, Helder Gon, and Daniel Aelenei. "The nZEBs in the near Future - Overview of definitions and guidelines towards existing plans for increasing nZEBs." Portugal SB13 - Contribution of sustainable building to meet EU 20-20-20 targets. 978-989-96543-7-2. 2013. Abstract
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Silva, Rui, Jorge Patrício, and Daniel Aelenei. "Avaliação acústica de edifícios habitacionais - análise dos coeficientes de ponderação associados aos índices de comportamento acústico de habitações." European Symposium on Environmental Acoustics and Noise Mapping. 2013. Abstract

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Neuparth, Nuno, Daniel Aelenei, Iolanda Caires, João Teixeira, João Viegas, Manuela Cano, Paula Leiria-Pinto, and Pedro Martins Environment and Health in Children Day Care Centers - Ambiente e Sa. Eds. Nuno Neuparth, Daniel Aelenei, Iolanda Caires, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Jo Viegas, Manuela Cano, Paula Leiria Pinto, and Pedro Martins. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, 2013.Website
2014
Araujo-Martins, J., Carreiro P. Martins, J. Viegas, D. Aelenei, MM Cano, JP Teixeira, P. Paixão, AL Papoila, P. Leiria-Pinto, C. Pedro, and others. "Environment and Health in Children Day Care Centres (ENVIRH)–Study rationale and protocol." Revista portuguesa de pneumologia. 20 (2014): 311-323. Abstract

Background Indoor air quality (IAQ) is considered an important determinant of human health. The association between exposure to volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, house dust mite, molds and bacteria in day care centers (DCC) is not completely clear. The aim of this project was to study these effects. Methods ? study design This study comprised two phases. Phase I included an evaluation of 45 DCCs (25 from Lisbon and 20 from Oporto, targeting 5161 children). In this phase, building characteristics, indoor CO2 and air temperature/relative humidity, were assessed. A children's respiratory health questionnaire derived from the ISAAC (International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Children) was also distributed. Phase II encompassed two evaluations and included 20 DCCs selected from phase I after a cluster analysis (11 from Lisbon and 9 from Oporto, targeting 2287 children). In this phase, data on ventilation, IAQ, thermal comfort parameters, respiratory and allergic health, airway inflammation biomarkers, respiratory virus infection patterns and parental and child stress were collected. Results In Phase I, building characteristics, occupant behavior and ventilation surrogates were collected from all DCCs. The response rate of the questionnaire was 61.7% (3186 children). Phase II included 1221 children. Association results between DCC characteristics, IAQ and health outcomes will be provided in order to support recommendations on IAQ and children's health. A building ventilation model will also be developed. Discussion This paper outlines methods that might be implemented by other investigators conducting studies on the association between respiratory health and indoor air quality at DCC.

Mendes, Ana, Daniel Aelenei, Ana Luisa Papoila, Pedro Carreiro-Martins, Livia Aguiar, Cristiana Pereira, Paula Neves, Susana Azevedo, Manuela Cano, Carmo Proenca, and others. "Environmental and Ventilation Assessment in Child Day Care Centers in Porto: The Envirh Project." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 77 (2014): 931-943. Abstract

Children attending day care centers (CDCC) have been reported to be more prone to infectious diseases when compared with those cared for at home, and are exposed to conditions that may increase the risk of allergies and asthma. Several studies revealed that consequences of poor ventilation conditions include high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and many other indoor pollutants commonly detected in schools. Nine child day care centers were selected randomly to participate in this study. Fifty-two classrooms were assessed for chemical, biological, physical, and allergen parameters in spring and winter seasons in these nine CDCC located in Porto, Portugal. Outdoor measurements were also conducted for comparison. Our results indicated that (i) particulate matter (PM10) median levels were above the national reference levels, both by classroom type and by season; (ii) TVOC kindergarten peak values may raise some concern; (iii) CO2 was present at high median and maximum levels during spring and winter assessment in both nurseries and kindergartens classrooms; (iv) total bacteria concentrations were 57- and 52-fold higher in the nursery and kindergarten than outdoors, respectively, for the spring season; (v) winter and spring median predicted mean vote (PMV) indices were between "neutral" (0) and "slightly cool" (? -1) in the thermal sensation scale for comfort situations (-2 to 2) for both types of classrooms; (vi) there were significant differences for both PMV and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) indices by season; and (vii) CO2, total bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria were associated with low airflow rates. These data will help to evaluate the effectiveness of current building operation practices in child day care centers regarding indoor air quality and respiratory health.

Cerqueira, Fábio, Susana Azevedo, Daniel Aelenei, and João Viegas. "Assessment of ventilation in elderly care centres." 40th IAHS World Congresso on Housing. Ed. Ant. 978-989-98948-0-7. 2014. Abstract

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Carreiro-Martins, Pedro, João Viegas, Ana Luisa Papoila, Daniel Aelenei, Iolanda Caires, José Araújo-Martins, João Gaspar-Marques, Maria Manuela Cano, Ana Sofia Mendes, Daniel Virella, and others. "CO2 concentration in day care centres is related to wheezing in attending children." European journal of pediatrics. 173 (2014): 1041-1049.
Garde, F., A. Lenoir, A. Scognamiglio, D. Aelenei, D. Waldren, HN Rostvik, J. Ayoub, L. Aelenei, M. Donn, M. Tardif, and others. "Design of net zero energy buildings: Feedback from international projects." Energy Procedia. 61 (2014): 995-998. Abstract

The International Energy Agency (IEA), through the Solar Heating and Cooling programme (SHC) Task 40 and the Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems programme (ECBCS, now named EBC) Annex 52, works towards developing a common understanding and setting up the basis for an international definition framework for Net Zero Energy Buildings (Net ZEBs). One of the subtasks of this programme?SubTaskC focuses benchmarking the Net ZEBs around the world to identify the innovative solutions sets that makes up this new type of building. This paper presents an overview of the work conducted by the participants of Subtask C and of Zero Energy Building projects that have been identified.

Aelenei, Daniel, Hugo de Azevedo Leal, and Laura Aelenei. "The use of attached-sunspaces in retrofitting design: the case of residential buildings in Portugal." Energy Procedia. 48 (2014): 1436-1441. Abstract

This study addresses the energetic performance of an attached-sunspace applied to an existing residential building in Portugal. Four configurations (two attached, one integrated and one partially integrated) are studied in six different climatic zones. In addition other key parameters are considered such as ventilation (with or without natural ventilation), shading devices (one external and two internal configurations), number of glazed surface layers (single glazed and double glazed) and orientation (South, East and West). The thermal performance analysis, carried out using a dynamic simulation code, proved that energy savings for retrofitting design can be very important and that in climates with warm summers the risk of overheating can be considerably diminished through an accurate analysis based on modeling.

2015
Aelenei, Daniel, Susana Nogueira, João Viegas, Manuela Cano, and Fábio Cerqueira. "Caracterização experimental das taxas de renovação horária em residências para pessoas idosas." PATORREB 2015. Ed. Vasco Peixoto de Freitas. 978-972-752-177-7. Porto, Portugal: FEUP Edições, 2015. Abstract

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Teixeira, João, Nuno Neuparth, Amalia Botelho, Ana Papoila, Pedro Martins, Paulo Paixão, Iolanda Caires, Daniel Aelenei, João Viegas, Manuela Cano, and Ana Mendes GERIA - Geria Study in Portugal on Health Effects of Air Quality in Elderly Care Centers. Eds. Jo Teixeira, Nuno Neuparth, Am Botelho, Ana Papoila, Pedro Martins, Paix, Iolanda Caires, Daniel Aelenei, Jo Viegas, Manuela Cano, and Ana Mendes. Published by Instituto de Sa: ISPUP - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, 2015. AbstractWebsite

As people have become increasingly aware, the age of the European population is rising and the percentage of adults aged 65 years and older is expected to increase. In addition, older people spend about 20 hours per day indoors, and many of them spend essentially their time in elderly care centers (ECC). In this sense, the study of indoor environments and how elder people may be particularly at risk of adverse health effects from pollutants, even at low exposures, due to multiple underlying chronic diseases is becoming an important issue to be addressed by research. Such conditions are highly prevalent, multifactorial, and associated with multiple comorbidities and poor outcomes, such as increased disability and decreased quality of life. The importance of this topic was heightened in 2012 by the World Health Day in 2012 Ageing and health with the theme "Good health adds life to years" and also the ?European Year for Active Ageing and Solidarity between Generations?. Accordingly, this project is suitable to integrate these initiatives and to ensure greater recognition of what older people bring to society and create more supportive conditions for them. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Portugal to assess effects of indoor air contaminants on health status and quality of life in older persons living in ECC. The aim of GERIA project is to carry out a risk assessment, often difficult for older people, involving the identification of multiple factors potentially affecting health and quality of life, the quantification of human exposure to pollutants, and the evaluation of the individual?s response to these stimuli. The results of this project contribute to the understanding of health effects due to indoor environment variables and to provide health benefits to ECC residents with relatively simple measures.

Viegas, João Carlos, Susana Nogueira, Daniel Aelenei, Hildebrando Cruz, Manuela Cano, and Nuno Neuparth. "Numerical evaluation of ventilation performance in children day care centres." Building Simulation. 8 (2015): 189-209. Abstract

Modelling of ventilation is strongly dependent on the physical characteristics of the building of which precise evaluation is a complex and time consuming task. In the frame of a research project, two children day care centres (CDCC) have been selected in order to measure the envelope air permeability, the flow rate of mechanical ventilation systems and indoor and outdoor temperature. The data obtained was used as input to the computer code CONTAM for ventilation simulations. The results obtained were compared with direct measurements of ventilation flow from short term measurements with CO2 tracer gas and medium term measurements with perfluorocarbon tracer (PFT) gas decay method. After validation, in order to analyse the main parameters that affect ventilation, the model was used to predict the ventilation rates for a wide range of conditions. The purpose of this assessment was to find the best practices to improve natural ventilation. A simple analytical method to predict the ventilation flow rate of rooms is also presented. The method is based on the estimation of wind effect on the room through the evaluation of an average factor and on the assessment of relevant cross section of gaps and openings combined in series or in parallel. It is shown that it may be applied with acceptable accuracy for this type of buildings when ventilation is due essentially to wind action.

2016
Aelenei, Daniel, Laura Aelenei, and Catarina Pacheco Vieira. "Adaptive Façade: Concept, Applications, Research Questions." Energy Procedia. 91 (2016): 269-275. AbstractWebsite

Abstract Adaptive building envelopes can provide improvements in the building energy efficiency and economics, through their capability to change their behaviour in real time according to indoor-outdoor parameters, by means of materials, components and systems. Therefore, adaptive façades can make a significant and viable contribution to meeting the EU's 2020 targets. Several different types of adaptive façade concepts have already been developed, and an increase in emerging, innovative solutions is expected for the near future. The objective of this paper is to contribute to these developments by presenting the findings of an analysis of the existing concepts and case studies and by proposing a new approach for characterization of these elements.

Lopes, Rui Amaral, Adriana Chambel, João Neves, Daniel Aelenei, and João Martins. "A Literature Review of Methodologies Used to Assess the Energy Flexibility of Buildings." Energy Procedia. 91 (2016): 1053-1058. AbstractWebsite

Abstract Due to the introduction of distributed renewable energy technologies with variable resource availability, the need of flexible electrical systems is evident. In general, flexibility is achieved from the supply side and often using carbon intensive energy generators. Therefore, improving the flexibility of the electrical system by taking advantage of renewable energy generation capacities and demand response measures in buildings is of major importance for a sustainable development. Control systems to implement these demand response measures need to quantify the flexibility of the respective buildings. Having this into consideration, this paper aims at presenting a literature review on methodologies to quantify the energy flexibility of buildings.

Lopes, Rui Amaral, João Martins, Daniel Aelenei, and Celson Pantoja Lima. "A cooperative net zero energy community to improve load matching." Renewable Energy. 93.August (2016): 1-13. AbstractWebsite

The work reported here addresses load matching improvement in Net Zero Energy Buildings (Net-ZEBs). The related relevant literature shows that currently research work is mainly focused on improving the load matching of individual buildings. In this paper the concept of a Cooperative Net Zero Energy Community (CNet-ZEC) is introduced, extending discussion to the enhancement of load matching at a wider community level. Both building and community levels are compared in order to assess the work proposed here, through the analysis of three distinct scenarios where five Net-ZEBs work individually or in community.

The results presented here were obtained through a detailed simulation based on 1-min resolution stochastic load profiles and recorded weather data. The results indicate that over the period of a year the CNet-ZEC has the potential to increase the electrical demand covered by onsite electricity generation up to 21% and the on-site generation that is used by the building up to 15%. The following elements are considered by the CNet-ZEC in order to produce those results: (i) demand heterogeneity of the buildings integrating the community; (ii) the higher number of controllable devices; and (iii) the potential higher amount of energy available to satisfy the community demand.

2017
Garde, Francois, Daniel Aelenei, Laura Aelenei, Alessandra Scognamiglio, and Josef Ayoub Solution Sets for Net-Zero Energy Buildings. Wiley-{VCH} Verlag {GmbH} {&} Co. {KGaA}, 2017. AbstractWebsite
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2018
Lopes, R. A., P. Magalhães, J. P. Gouveia, D. Aelenei, C. Lima, and J. Martins. "A case study on the impact of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings on distribution transformer aging." Energy. 157 (2018): 669-678. AbstractWebsite
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Reynders, G., R. Amaral Lopes, A. Marszal-Pomianowska, D. Aelenei, J. Martins, and D. Saelens. "Energy flexible buildings: An evaluation of definitions and quantification methodologies applied to thermal storage." Energy and Buildings. 166 (2018): 372-390. AbstractWebsite
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Viegas, J. C., F. Oliveira, and D. Aelenei. "Experimental study on the aerodynamic sealing of air curtains." Fluids. 3 (2018). AbstractWebsite
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Romano, R., L. Aelenei, D. Aelenei, and E. S. Mazzucchelli. "What is an adaptive façade? Analysis of recent terms and definitions from an international perspective." Journal of Facade Design and Engineering. 6 (2018): 065-076. AbstractWebsite
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2019
Aelenei, D., R. A. Lopes, L. Aelenei, and H. Gonçalves. "Investigating the potential for energy flexibility in an office building with a vertical BIPV and a PV roof system." Renewable Energy (2019): 189-197. AbstractWebsite
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Aelenei, D., R. Amaral Lopes, C. Silva, L. Aelenei, F. Costa, N. Majdalani, T. Simoes, J. Martins, and H. Goncalves. "Mapping Flexibility of Urban Energy Systems (FIRST) project: Rationale and study design of an exploratory project." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 294. 2019. Abstract
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